VOLCANOES

VOLCANOES

Volcanoes can be caused by. These so-called for example at can occur far from plate boundaries. Hotspot volcanoes are also found elsewhere in the especially on rocky planets and moons

Volcanoes are generally found where are or A, for example the has examples of volcanoes caused by pulling apart; the has examples of volcanoes caused by coming together. By contrast, volcanoes are usually not created where two tectonic plates slide past one another. Volcanoes can also form where there is stretching and thinning of the (called "non-hotspot intraplate volcanism"), such as in the, the and the in North America.

A volcano is an opening, , in a planet's surface or which allows hot and gases to escape from below the surface.

are places where two plates, usually an oceanic plate and a continental plate, collide. In this case, the oceanic plate subducts, or submerges under the continental plate forming a deep ocean trench just offshore. Water released from the subducting plate lowers the melting temperature of the overlying mantle wedge, creating This magma tends to be very e to its high ontent, so often does not reach the surface and cools at depth. When it does reach the surface, a volcano is formed. Typical examples for this kind of volcano are and the volcanoes in the

Other types of volcano include (or ice volcanoes), particularly on some moons of and nd, which are formations often not associated with known magmatic activity. Active mud volcanoes tend to involve temperatures much lower than those of volcanoes, except when a mud volcano is actually a vent of an igneous volcano.